CISCE Board - ISC Class 11 previous year questions (PYQ)

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: Hazardous Enterprise and Supreme Court Doctrine of Absolute Liability' to answer:

What measure of financial compensation did the Supreme Court establish in the M.C. Mehta Oleum Gas case?

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: Hazardous Enterprise and Supreme Court Doctrine of Absolute Liability' to answer:

Which statutory enactment was passed by the Indian Parliament following the Bhopal gas disaster and oleum gas leak?

Advanced Research & Methodology: In scholarly analysis of 'Directed Writing: Film Review, Book Review, Statement of Purpose & Cultural Report', which methodological approach ensures reproducibility and minimizes systematic bias?

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: Hazardous Enterprise and Supreme Court Doctrine of Absolute Liability' to answer:

What is the crucial legal distinction between the English rule of 'Strict Liability' and Indian 'Absolute Liability'?

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Diamond sparkles brilliantly with internal radiance.

Reason (R): Total internal reflection of light occurs inside diamond because its critical angle is exceptionally small (approximately 24.4°).

Vocabulary & Comprehension: What is the precise contextual meaning of 'Directed Writing: Film Review, Book Review, Statement of Purpose & Cultural Report'?

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): An agreement entered into without lawful consideration is void ab initio under Section 25 of the Indian Contract Act 1872.

Reason (R): Lawful consideration is a mandatory statutory pillar of contractual enforceability under the legal maxim *ex nudo pacto non oritur actio*.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Carboxylic acids exhibit higher acidity than corresponding phenols.

Reason (R): The carboxylate anion is stabilized by two equivalent resonance structures where negative charge resides on electronegative oxygen atoms.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): An aqueous solution of pure glucose does not conduct electric current.

Reason (R): Glucose is a covalent molecular compound that does not dissociate into free mobile ions in water.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): The Simon Commission was met with widespread nationwide boycotts and black flag protests upon landing in Bombay in 1928.

Reason (R): The British colonial government failed to appoint a single Indian representative to the seven-member Indian Statutory Commission.

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: Hazardous Enterprise and Supreme Court Doctrine of Absolute Liability' to answer:

What measure of financial compensation did the Supreme Court establish in the M.C. Mehta Oleum Gas case?

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): An employer is vicariously liable for tortious civil wrongs committed by an employee during the authorized course of employment.

Reason (R): The doctrine of vicarious liability is founded on the legal maxims *respondeat superior* (let the master answer) and *qui facit per alium facit per se*.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Diamond sparkles brilliantly with internal radiance.

Reason (R): Total internal reflection of light occurs inside diamond because its critical angle is exceptionally small (approximately 24.4°).

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Danger signals on communication towers and traffic posts are always illuminated in red color.

Reason (R): Red light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum and suffers minimum Rayleigh scattering ($I \propto 1/\lambda^4$) through fog and smoke.