Civil services & UPSC

Judicial Services Examination - Civil Judge (Junior Division) & PCS-J previous year questions (PYQ)

4,698 previous year Judicial Services Examination - Civil Judge (Junior Division) & PCS-J questions, grouped by year, with answers and solutions.

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2026 (1795 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(B)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
(C)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(D)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 32(1) of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 / BSA, when is a statement made by a person as to the cause of his death admissible as a 'Dying Declaration'?

(A)
Admissible even if the maker was not at the time of making it under the expectation of death (unlike English Law)
(B)
Admissible only if recorded in the presence of two gazetted medical officers and a magistrate
(C)
Inadmissible in civil proceedings under all circumstances
(D)
Requires mandatory corroboration by direct eyewitnesses before court admission
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2025 (239 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Criminal Laws & Law of Evidence): Under Section 32(1) of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 / BSA, when is a statement made by a person as to the cause of his death admissible as a 'Dying Declaration'?

(A)
Admissible even if the maker was not at the time of making it under the expectation of death (unlike English Law)
(B)
Admissible only if recorded in the presence of two gazetted medical officers and a magistrate
(C)
Requires mandatory corroboration by direct eyewitnesses before court admission
(D)
Inadmissible in civil proceedings under all circumstances
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 32(1) of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 / BSA, when is a statement made by a person as to the cause of his death admissible as a 'Dying Declaration'?

(A)
Inadmissible in civil proceedings under all circumstances
(B)
Admissible only if recorded in the presence of two gazetted medical officers and a magistrate
(C)
Admissible even if the maker was not at the time of making it under the expectation of death (unlike English Law)
(D)
Requires mandatory corroboration by direct eyewitnesses before court admission
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2024 (285 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(B)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(C)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
(D)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC 1908), what is the statutory doctrine of 'Constructive Res Judicata' (Explanation IV)?

(A)
Res judicata applies only to interlocutory appeals within 30 days
(B)
Any matter which might and ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in a former suit shall be deemed to have been a matter directly and substantially in issue
(C)
A court can reopen a decided decree whenever fresh witness statements are sworn
(D)
Parties can contractually waive the bar of res judicata in civil commercial suits
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2023 (254 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
(B)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(C)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(D)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(B)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
(C)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(D)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
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2022 (238 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Criminal Laws & Law of Evidence): Under Section 32(1) of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 / BSA, when is a statement made by a person as to the cause of his death admissible as a 'Dying Declaration'?

(A)
Inadmissible in civil proceedings under all circumstances
(B)
Requires mandatory corroboration by direct eyewitnesses before court admission
(C)
Admissible only if recorded in the presence of two gazetted medical officers and a magistrate
(D)
Admissible even if the maker was not at the time of making it under the expectation of death (unlike English Law)
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
(B)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(C)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(D)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
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2021 (254 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Criminal Laws & Law of Evidence): Under Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC 1908), what is the statutory doctrine of 'Constructive Res Judicata' (Explanation IV)?

(A)
Parties can contractually waive the bar of res judicata in civil commercial suits
(B)
Res judicata applies only to interlocutory appeals within 30 days
(C)
A court can reopen a decided decree whenever fresh witness statements are sworn
(D)
Any matter which might and ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in a former suit shall be deemed to have been a matter directly and substantially in issue
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Q2.
In UPSC Civil Services / State PSCs (Constitutional & Jurisprudential Law): India's Aditya-L1 solar observatory mission is positioned in a halo orbit around which gravitational equilibrium point?

(A)
Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange Point behind Earth's shadow
(B)
Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 1 (L1) at approximately 1.5 million km from Earth
(C)
Geostationary circular orbit at 35,786 km
(D)
Earth-Moon L4 Lagrange Point
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2020 (263 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC 1908), what is the statutory doctrine of 'Constructive Res Judicata' (Explanation IV)?

(A)
Parties can contractually waive the bar of res judicata in civil commercial suits
(B)
Any matter which might and ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in a former suit shall be deemed to have been a matter directly and substantially in issue
(C)
A court can reopen a decided decree whenever fresh witness statements are sworn
(D)
Res judicata applies only to interlocutory appeals within 30 days
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 32(1) of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 / BSA, when is a statement made by a person as to the cause of his death admissible as a 'Dying Declaration'?

(A)
Inadmissible in civil proceedings under all circumstances
(B)
Admissible only if recorded in the presence of two gazetted medical officers and a magistrate
(C)
Requires mandatory corroboration by direct eyewitnesses before court admission
(D)
Admissible even if the maker was not at the time of making it under the expectation of death (unlike English Law)
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2019 (278 questions)

Q1.
In UPSC Civil Services / State PSCs (Constitutional & Jurisprudential Law): Which of the following is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site and recognized as one of the world's eight 'hottest hotspots' of biological diversity?

(A)
The Western Ghats
(B)
The Rann of Kutch
(C)
The Thar Desert
(D)
The Aravalli Range
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Criminal Laws & Law of Evidence): Under Section 32(1) of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 / BSA, when is a statement made by a person as to the cause of his death admissible as a 'Dying Declaration'?

(A)
Inadmissible in civil proceedings under all circumstances
(B)
Admissible only if recorded in the presence of two gazetted medical officers and a magistrate
(C)
Admissible even if the maker was not at the time of making it under the expectation of death (unlike English Law)
(D)
Requires mandatory corroboration by direct eyewitnesses before court admission
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2018 (266 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
(B)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
(C)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(D)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
Show answer & solution
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(B)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(C)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
(D)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
Show answer & solution
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2017 (283 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Criminal Laws & Law of Evidence): Under Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC 1908), what is the statutory doctrine of 'Constructive Res Judicata' (Explanation IV)?

(A)
A court can reopen a decided decree whenever fresh witness statements are sworn
(B)
Res judicata applies only to interlocutory appeals within 30 days
(C)
Parties can contractually waive the bar of res judicata in civil commercial suits
(D)
Any matter which might and ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in a former suit shall be deemed to have been a matter directly and substantially in issue
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Q2.
In UPSC Civil Services / State PSCs (Constitutional & Jurisprudential Law): What happens when the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) increases the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)?

(A)
Commercial banks immediately expand consumer lending to increase profit margins
(B)
The statutory fiscal deficit of the Central Government is immediately reduced
(C)
Commercial banks have less lendable liquidity, leading to contraction of credit and upward pressure on interest rates
(D)
The foreign exchange reserves of India increase proportionately
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2016 (279 questions)

Q1.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC 1973 / BNSS), what is the mandatory statutory duty of a Police Officer in charge of a police station upon receiving information disclosing a cognizable offense?

(A)
Can refuse to register an FIR if the informant does not provide written affidavits
(B)
Must register a First Information Report (FIR) mandatorily as laid down in Lalita Kumari v. Govt of UP
(C)
May conduct a preliminary inquiry of up to 30 days before deciding whether to register an FIR
(D)
Can register an FIR only upon written direction from a Judicial Magistrate
Show answer & solution
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Q2.
In Judicial Services Examination (Civil Judge / PCS-J - Civil Laws & Civil Procedure (CPC, Contract & Property)): Under Section 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC 1908), what is the statutory doctrine of 'Constructive Res Judicata' (Explanation IV)?

(A)
Any matter which might and ought to have been made a ground of defense or attack in a former suit shall be deemed to have been a matter directly and substantially in issue
(B)
Parties can contractually waive the bar of res judicata in civil commercial suits
(C)
Res judicata applies only to interlocutory appeals within 30 days
(D)
A court can reopen a decided decree whenever fresh witness statements are sworn
Show answer & solution
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2015 (264 questions)

Q1.
In UPSC Civil Services / State PSCs (Constitutional & Jurisprudential Law): Regarding the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG), consider the following: CAG is appointed under Article 148 by the President. Which statement is correct?

(A)
CAG holds office during the pleasure of the Prime Minister
(B)
CAG is eligible for further employment under the Government of India upon retirement
(C)
CAG reports are audited privately by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs
(D)
CAG can be removed from office only on like grounds and in like manner as a Judge of the Supreme Court
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Q2.
In UPSC Civil Services / State PSCs (Constitutional & Jurisprudential Law): India's Aditya-L1 solar observatory mission is positioned in a halo orbit around which gravitational equilibrium point?

(A)
Geostationary circular orbit at 35,786 km
(B)
Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange Point behind Earth's shadow
(C)
Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 1 (L1) at approximately 1.5 million km from Earth
(D)
Earth-Moon L4 Lagrange Point
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