Junior college (Class 11-12)

Karnataka Board - Class 12 (2nd PUC - Board Exam) previous year questions (PYQ)

6,694 previous year Karnataka Board - Class 12 (2nd PUC - Board Exam) questions, grouped by year, with answers and solutions.

2026 (1458 questions)

Q1.
What is 50 minus 49?

(A)
6
(B)
2
(C)
1
(D)
0
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Q2.
In Chemistry, examine the topic of Periodic trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right. Which statement is scientifically accurate?

(A)
Electronegativity first decreases then sharply increases
(B)
Electronegativity decreases due to shielding effect
(C)
Electronegativity remains constant across representative elements
(D)
Electronegativity increases due to increase in effective nuclear charge ($Z_{\text{eff}}$) and decrease in atomic radius
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2025 (415 questions)

Q1.

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: Hazardous Enterprise and Supreme Court Doctrine of Absolute Liability' to answer:

What is the crucial legal distinction between the English rule of 'Strict Liability' and Indian 'Absolute Liability'?


(A)
Absolute Liability admits of no statutory exceptions whatsoever (such as Act of God, third-party act, or consent)
(B)
Absolute liability applies only to government-owned public sector enterprises
(C)
Strict liability requires proof of criminal mens rea while absolute liability does not
(D)
Absolute liability caps total damage compensation at 1 lakh rupees
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Q2.
In English Language and Grammar, identify the grammatically correct sentence or rule regarding Active to Passive voice transformation: 'The government has constructed a new bridge across the river.'.

(A)
A new bridge had been constructed across the river by the government.
(B)
A new bridge was constructed across the river by the government.
(C)
A new bridge has been constructed across the river by the government.
(D)
A new bridge is being constructed across the river by the government.
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2024 (732 questions)

Q1.
Calculate 11 × 8.

(A)
99
(B)
80
(C)
90
(D)
88
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Q2.

Higher Academic Core: In advanced conceptual study of 'Evolution: Origin of Life, Evidence of Evolution, Hardy-Weinberg Principle, Human Evolution' in Reproduction & Genetics, which foundational mechanism is universally verified?

(A)

Empirically validated biological, physical, or social dynamics following standard scientific methodology (Evolution: Origin of Life, Evidence of Evolution, Hardy-Weinberg Principle, Human Evolution)

(B)

Unsubstantiated speculative claims lacking experimental replication or peer verification

(C)

Deterministic models that reject thermodynamic entropy and stochastic variance

(D)

Isolated observations taken under non-standard uncontrolled environmental extremes

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2023 (585 questions)

Q1.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Energy flow through ecological food webs is strictly unidirectional.

Reason (R): Solar energy captured by autotrophic producers is dissipated as metabolic heat and cannot revert back to solar radiation, diminishing at successive trophic levels.


(A)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C)
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(D)
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
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Q2.

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: The Chlor-Alkali Electrochemical Process in Chemical Industry' to answer:

Why is sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$) formed specifically in the cathode compartment?


(A)
Hydrated $Na^+$ ions migrate across the cation membrane and pair with $OH^-$ ions generated by water reduction
(B)
Solid sodium precipitates and reacts violently with ambient air
(C)
Chlorine gas dissolves in the catholyte forming hypochlorous acid
(D)
Anode corrosion releases basic sodium compounds
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2022 (425 questions)

Q1.

ಸ್ಥಳೀಯ ಆಡಳಿತದಲ್ಲಿ 'Solid State: Unit Cells, Packing Efficiency, Imperfections in Solids' (ಉದಾ. ಗ್ರಾಮ ಪಂಚಾಯಿತಿ) ಜನರ ಯಾವ ಅಗತ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಪೂರೈಸುತ್ತದೆ?


(A)
ಕುಡಿಯುವ ನೀರು, ಬೀದಿದೀಪ, ಸ್ವಚ್ಛತೆ ಮತ್ತು ಮೂಲಸೌಕರ್ಯಗಳು (Solid State: Unit Cells, Packing Efficiency, Imperfections in Solids)
(B)
ಯಾವುದೇ ಸೇವೆ ನೀಡುವುದಿಲ್ಲ
(C)
ಕೇವಲ ಕರ ಸಂಗ್ರಹಣೆ
(D)
ಇವುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಯಾವುದೂ ಅಲ್ಲ
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Q2.
In Chemistry, examine the topic of Oxidation state of Manganese in Potassium Permanganate ($KMnO_4$). Which statement is scientifically accurate?

(A)
+4
(B)
+6
(C)
+7
(D)
+2
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2021 (434 questions)

Q1.
In Biological Sciences, identify the accurate description regarding Vascular plant tissue responsible for unidirectional transport of water and dissolved minerals from roots to leaves.

(A)
Phloem (sieve tubes and companion cells)
(B)
Xylem (composed of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma, and xylem fibres)
(C)
Collenchyma (supporting tissue)
(D)
Cambium (meristematic tissue)
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Q2.
In Biological Sciences, identify the accurate description regarding Universal blood recipient group in the ABO blood typing system.

(A)
B positive (B+)
(B)
O negative (O-)
(C)
AB positive (AB+), because RBCs possess both A and B antigens and plasma lacks anti-A and anti-B antibodies
(D)
A positive (A+)
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2020 (423 questions)

Q1.
In Chemistry, examine the topic of Functional group present in all Carboxylic Acids. Which statement is scientifically accurate?

(A)
CHO (Formyl group)
(B)
COOH (Carboxyl group composed of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups)
(C)
OH (Alcoholic hydroxyl group)
(D)
CO- (Carbonyl ketone group)
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Q2.
In Chemistry, examine the topic of Functional group present in all Carboxylic Acids. Which statement is scientifically accurate?

(A)
CO- (Carbonyl ketone group)
(B)
CHO (Formyl group)
(C)
COOH (Carboxyl group composed of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups)
(D)
OH (Alcoholic hydroxyl group)
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2019 (444 questions)

Q1.

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: Parabolic Cable Geometry in Civil Engineering Suspension Bridges' to answer:

Determine the parameter $c$ in the parabolic equation $y = ax^2 + c$ from the vertex information.


(A)
$c = 5\text{ m}$
(B)
$c = 0\text{ m}$
(C)
$c = 25\text{ m}$
(D)
$c = 50\text{ m}$
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Q2.

Refer to the Case Study 'Case Study: The Chlor-Alkali Electrochemical Process in Chemical Industry' to answer:

Why is sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$) formed specifically in the cathode compartment?


(A)
Hydrated $Na^+$ ions migrate across the cation membrane and pair with $OH^-$ ions generated by water reduction
(B)
Solid sodium precipitates and reacts violently with ambient air
(C)
Chlorine gas dissolves in the catholyte forming hypochlorous acid
(D)
Anode corrosion releases basic sodium compounds
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2018 (420 questions)

Q1.
What is 95 minus 80?

(A)
16
(B)
15
(C)
14
(D)
20
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Q2.

ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ನೆಲ-ಜಲ ಮತ್ತು ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದಂತೆ 'Ray Optics and Optical Instruments: Refraction at Spherical Surfaces, Lens Maker's Formula, Prism, Microscope and Telescope' ನ ಮಹತ್ವವೇನು?


(A)
ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ನದಿಗಳು, ಅರಣ್ಯಗಳು ಅಥವಾ ಐತಿಹಾಸಿಕ ತಾಣಗಳ ರಕ್ಷಣೆ (Ray Optics and Optical Instruments: Refraction at Spherical Surfaces, Lens Maker's Formula, Prism, Microscope and Telescope)
(B)
ಯಾವುದೇ ಮಹತ್ವವಿಲ್ಲ
(C)
ಕೇವಲ ವಿದೇಶಿ ಮಾಹಿತಿ
(D)
ಇವುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಯಾವುದೂ ಅಲ್ಲ
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2017 (460 questions)

Q1.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Systemic arteries have thick, elastic muscular walls compared to veins.

Reason (R): Arterial blood flows under high, pulsatile hydrostatic pressure generated by ventricular systole.


(A)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C)
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(D)
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
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Q2.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Gastric enzyme pepsin requires an acidic environment to digest dietary proteins.

Reason (R): Hydrochloric acid secreted by parietal cells creates optimum pH (1.5 to 2.0) and cleaves inactive pepsinogen into active pepsin.


(A)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C)
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(D)
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
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2016 (462 questions)

Q1.
In Physics, consider the Condition for Total Internal Reflection (TIR) to occur at an interface. Which statement correctly defines this principle?

(A)
Angle of incidence must equal angle of refraction ($i = r$)
(B)
Light must travel from an optically denser to rarer medium and angle of incidence must exceed critical angle ($i > i_c$)
(C)
Light travels from rarer to denser medium with $i < i_c$
(D)
Light must be monochromatic and linearly polarized
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Q2.
In Biological Sciences, identify the accurate description regarding Powerhouse of the eukaryotic cell responsible for cellular respiration and ATP synthesis.

(A)
Lysosomes, digesting cellular debris
(B)
Ribosomes, synthesizing proteins
(C)
Mitochondria, containing enzymes for the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
(D)
Golgi apparatus, packaging lipids
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2015 (436 questions)

Q1.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): DNA replication in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is semi-conservative.

Reason (R): Each daughter double helix retains one intact parental template strand and one newly synthesized complementary strand.


(A)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C)
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(D)
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
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Q2.

Directions: In the question below, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

Assertion (A): The square root of 2 ($\sqrt{2}$) is an irrational real number.

Reason (R): The square root of any positive prime integer is an irrational number.


(A)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C)
Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(D)
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
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