Sustainable Management of Natural Resources question bank (Science)

How would these advantages differ from the advantages of using a long-term perspective in managing our resources?

The $pH$ of a water sample collected from a river was found to be acidic in the range of $3.5-4.5$. On the banks of the river were several factories that were discharging effluents into the river. The effluents of which one of the following factories is the most likely cause for lowering the $pH$ of river water?