Photosynthesis in Higher question bank (Biology)

Which of the following processes result in development of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane during photosynthesis?

i. Release of protons into the lumen of the thylakoid by plastoquinone
ii. Consumption of protons in the stroma during the reduction of $\text{NADP}^+$
iii. Release of protons into the lumen of the thylakoid by ATP synthase
iv. Release of protons into the lumen of the thylakoid by water splitting reaction

Which one of the following statements about a plant carotenoid is FALSE?